Machine for applying material to walls



May 26, 1953 s. A. EARNSHAW 2,639,943

MACHINE FOR APPLYING MATERIAL To WALLS FiledApril zo. 1948 4 shwrs-sheet 1 Af i;

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` E SPzNcn-R Fl. EARNsHAw May 26, 1953 s. A. ARNsHAw 2,639,943

MACHINEFOR APPLYINC MATERIAL ToV WALLS Filed April 50, 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 'I'IIIIHIHIIIUIIIII l d f @5 K F. if

l #@@Cx INVENTR 55a, Stenen. RQEHRNsHnw `May 26, 1953 s. A. EARNsHAw 2,639,943

MACHINE FOR APPLYING MATERIAL To WAL-Ls 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed April 30, 1948 zag/4 INVENTOR svn-NCH A. EARNS Hnw May 26, 1953 s. A. EARNsHAw MACHINE FOR APPLYING MATERIAL TO WALLS 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 K Filed April 30, 1948 INYENTOR SPENOER A. EARNsHAw Patented May l26, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT F FICE 2,639,943 MAGHINE FOR ABPLYING MATERIAL TQ WALLS spencer A. Earnsiiaw, Los' Angeles, Calif. Appiioauonnpril so, une,` serial No. 24,338

14 Claims. l

This invention. relates to coating machines especial adapted for applying a coatingy material to walls and ceilings and other surfaces, for example the coating of pipes and coating of ditches and tunnels and other shaped articles and for nlling forms.

An oloject of this invention is to improve the methodl of applying4 materials `in the construction of structuresr suchas walls, retaining walls, 1ining or coating.

Another object of the invention is to provide a coating machine which is power driven and which includes a pair off rotary drums ad'justahlyA mountedA Ito a frame unit which is so constructed and arranged to permit the frame to pivot* and so constructed to permit the unit to be raised` and lowered as desired.

Another object is to set the machine in astationary position. to coat articles or surface that come in Contact with the stream of materials that is discharged from the machine.

-mother object is to provide variable speeds for raising and lowering. the frame unit for dischargmg material'.

Another object is to provide means to regulate the speed ofV throwing a premixed material at a very high velocity.

An' object' or the invention is to mix the material' inside the hopper.

Another objectA of the invention is to throw from a narrow stream` to a wide stream of material and to throw a. plural number of streams;

A feature of the' invention the novel construction an'df arrangement whereby is provided attached" to" the' machine revolving` delector means that are adus'table and will. rotate clock wise and/or counterclockwise for the purpose of.- changing" the direction of'v the stream' or streams or the material and to discharge said material at a desired velocity.

Another feature oi the inventionA is' that the machine is so construeted'` and' arranged so that it may be placed on its end or in a vertical position and the"v hoppersupplied withy material through the'dbor'sh'own' inthe side ofthe hopper.

An advantage" of' the" invention is that the drums or rollers are" ad'ju'sta'bly mounted and prmfided4 with` motor means for individual rota# tion of each drum when desired by the operator.

The invention have' variety or applications and certain ofthe features of'construction may be embodied in a variety'o structures.

@ther objects; advantages andi features of in-` vention may appear from the acco'mpanyingdrawings, thesuhjoi'ned detailed' description and the appended clafiin's` The accompanying.. drawings illustrate the inventi'on.'

Figure I is a sdeeievatiom ci the. invention omitting. the hopper lid-with parts broken away to show interior construction and also showsi the pusher plate and'c'am to operate it and shows the 2. deiieetor roller and adjustment connected to the frame unit.

Fig.- 2 is ali-ront fragmental elevation of the machine showin-ai the frame unit and drums mounted to the machine uprights and also shows the elevating and lowering cables and cable drums.: arts of 'the rip-rights are broken away and partly shown in section and also shows the slides mounted tlherein.`

Fig. 3` is a iragmental front elevation in detail showing the side trarne member construction and shows how the adjustable drums are mounted therein.

Fig. Pla, is a fragmental enlarged detail View partly. in section showing one of the adjustable clamps and construction thereto.

Fig. fi' is aplan section taken on line fi-l Fig. 3y showing how the spacer block is constructed in the frame unit.

Fig. 5* is-a detail view partly section showing a plurality ofvv drums xedY together on a shaft to form a roller.

Fig. 6 is a top planview of the machine showing the driving mechanism or gears for rotating thefeed screws and also shows how the hopper is iiired to the frame uni-t andY the rotating deii'ector meanshare also shown.

Fie. 7" is a diagrammatical side elevation of the gears that drive the feed screws and the arrows indicate the directionofrotatione Fia". vis a side elevationaldetail View of the gear shirt clutch and also shows a clutch lever that nia-51 he used onsome or the gears of the gear train for regulating the rotation of the feed screws. l

Fig. 9 is a side elevational detail View of the worin and worm, wheeldrive for operating the rotation of the frame unit and hopper and also shows a iragmen-tof the upright.V

Fie.. loA is perspective View of a larger and smaller roller hav-ing. a resilient sleeve mounted thereonthat may he used to replace the drumsr show-n in the machine'.

10o, shows'a drumhaving horizontal treads'.

ll'i'b shows a drum having circular treads.

Fig. 'il is a side elevational View or two drums or rollers that may he'- iiiledfwfithfluid andv that are made of rubberanellheina resilient so that a rock may passthrough as shown.`

iria. 1.2"is a side elevation of -themachine showing parts of! the uprialits broken away to show the uniti trame and-hopper and drums andv wor'm wheel and worm drive connected tothe motor andalou shovJs-i-nfdotted or broken lines another positienoilthe' unit Aframe andlhoppei,

1 lf3 plat-1` dota-ii view'of the hopper omite v thev top-lidiandshows thepartitionand how it is-held in` pla-ce in the hopper,`

Fig. la is a iront elevation of the hopper and sho-waan opening.V throughwhich thedrumsextend.v

Fig. l5 is a diagrammatic view showing a method of feeding the material at a high speed into the drums by a speeding belt having reenforced ridges or ribs for a tread. A pneumatic roller with a resilient surface to give the material the same speed as the belt is shown mounted thereon. Also shows a second roller for the purpose of giving the material the iinal pressure and speed as it leaves the belt. When a slower speed is required the rollers may not be used and the drums may be separated to permit material particles to pass between the drums where it is desired to feed material at lesser speeds.

Fig. 18 is a fragmental side elevational detail view of the belt construction showing reenforced ridges or ribs that enables the material to be accelerated by the belt.

Fig. 17 is a plan view of Fig. 16 showing the reenforcing ribs or ridges and how they are located thereon.

Fig. 17 a is a front elevation of a pair of tire like constructed drums which may be iniiated if desired and their surface will yield to pressure and grip the material and discharge the material at a high velocity. The lower drum is shown provided with a resilient sleeve that protects the surface of the drum. They may be used in single or plural units as required to accomplish the desired work.

The one sleeve shown in section shows how it will cover two of the drums. Also shows arrangement of the spaced drums so that a multiple number of streams of material may be thrown.

Fig. 18 is a diagrammatic view showing a construction and design of drum or roller units supported to a hopper and a means to feed material and discharge the material from-the hopper at a high velocity. The hopper may be used in several diierent positions as upright or horizontal as desired and may be stationary or mounted on a truck or wheels or used in between uprights to be raised or lowered. Also shows a pipe in vertical position that may be rotated in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction while being coated with a plural number of streams of material particles.

Fig. 19 shows a modified construction diagramniatically of a section of an irrigation ditch and shows a means of throwing material at the sides and bottom of the ditch by the use of sets of drums or rollers suitably mounted to carry out this operation or operations and may be of any length to meet the different requirements.

It is understood that the coating machine may be made in different shapes and sizes and various i parts of the invention may be constructed without departing from the spirit of the invention; but the form shown is at present deemed most desirable for easy and cheap construction and ready interchange of parts.

It is also understood that the frame unit I may be pivoted as shown in the drawings or in any position as desired to accomplish the best results as above the center, below the center, ahead of .the center or to the rear of the center so as to balance and also to give the proper stream conditions in various jobs.

The invention comprises a frame unit I that is so constructed and arranged to be raised and lowered in the uprights 2 that may be of channel iron construction being supported by the rollers 3 mounted in the brackets 4 as shown in the drawings.

A tie member 5 is shown at the top to hold the uprights 2 in position and slide members 6 are raised and lowered in the uprights 2 by the cables 1 that are mounted over the pulleys 8 and extend downward on the outside of the uprights to winding drums 9 that are operated by the motors III that are xed to the uprights.

Revolvably mounted to the uprights 2 is the frame unit 'I that is xed thereto a hopper I I and. the drums I2 and I3 are adiustably mounted to the frameunit and a worm wheel I 4 and worm I5 operated through a ilexible drive shaft I6 and motor I1 revolve the frame unit I when desired.

The frame unit I being pivoted on the shaft I0 that is mounted in the slide members 6, and the drums or rollers I2 and I3 revolve and are mounted in the roller bearings I9 that are housed in the vertical members and 2| of the frame unit.

The adjustable drums or rollers I2 and I3 are mounted in the roller bearings I9 of the housing 20a that are spaced apart by a spacer block 22 and held in place by clamps 23 that comprise adjusting screws 23a that rest against the rubber shock absorber 24 to absorb all shocks caused by any large particles of hard material as rocks that may find their way between the drums.

An elongated slot 25 is shown in the vertical members 20 and 2I of the frame unit I that provides a means to permit adjustment for the drums I2 and I3 to allow for various types of gripping pressures, and spacer block 22 may be made in various sizes.

The drums I2 and I3 are rotated through the belt drive 26 by the motors 21 that are mounted on the top and bottom members of the frame unit I.

Brackets 28 that form a support for the machine are xed to the uprights 2 and extend backward to permit a swiveled roller or rollers 29 to be attached thereto and also support the motor I1.

The hopper II is provided with a partition 30 that supports end bearings for the feed screws 3| that are provided at their other ends with the thrust bearings 32 as shown in Fig. 6 of the drawlng'S.

The feed screws 3| are rotated by a motor 2l which will be reversible in directional drive and that is xed to the underside of the hopper II and the motor drives through a chain drive 34 to a bevel gear 35 that meshes into bevel gear 28 that is integral with a drive gear 31 that meshes into a train of drive gears 38.

A guard or shield 39 is shown fixed to the inside of the hopper that will prevent the material in the hopper from interfering with the action of the drums or rollers.

The feed screws are so arranged and constructed and are reversible in directional drive that puts the material in motion and can also retard or speed up the motion of the material and to control the material when the hopper is in different positions.

To this end I provide a clutch 40 operated by a lever 4I that may be attached to the feed screw drive gears 38.

Slidably mounted in the bottom of the hopper II is a pusher plate 42 that is operated through cams 43 by the chain drive 44 by a motor 45, the cams are mounted on the shaft 46 that is supported by the brackets 41 that are fixed to the hopper end. This pusher plate moves the material against the drums surfaces that receive and grip the material to be discharged.

To change the direction of the stream or streams of material as it is discharged from the I. provide adjustable. resolving deector #1B-thatrotate clockwise and/or counterclcckwise. and that may be. used.. as. ya hurlerby replacing the drums. with wire brushes and the preset-1t; fierro. Shown is. oi a. resilient. tread but, may be. ci diiierent sinds of tread or elements; as the work; requires.`

Those delietor riesame` -QOmDi'iSe a pluralityl of drums it?. that are mounted on a short 5u to form a, roller that is rotated. through. a chain. drive 5.1 tor a motor 5,2,` that is adjustably mounted on a brachetS on the touof the frame unit l.

shaft 5t is supported by an erro.` bracket, 5,4 that is constructed to permit the deflector drums is: to, be. raised upward, or downward through .a slot 55. in the bracket 5B: and beingrheld in positime by the. bolts 5.1..

Hefzeilrns; te Fig.V indicates, a. large roller 5B, having a resilient, rubber' sleeve, 5B and a. smaller roller Gil harina aresilient, rubber sleeve B14 that may replacev the drums I2. and 113x whenv the Work requires.. it.

There is,- shown, in Fig. L0@ a provided with a,y horizontal tread l52 and in Fig. 10h a drum having a cir-cular tread 63;.

In Fig. LL I'provide a setof drums. 611i ot rubber that maybe nlled1 with fluid and show` a valve. at 65 to pemnitilling and regulation. of the fluid:

Referring toig. 115, I; provide .a belt 156i having reenorcedi `ribs f5.1A and` being resilient and' mounted on the belt isa resilient roller or 6a having) a valve. Bil', to permit the drum: to be inflated. This drumorroller will: givethematerial the same speed as the belt and a. second roller 1o thatgiwes. the material; the nal pressureand Speed, osait leaves the belt.

In Fig 17o is` shown a plurality of spacedl drums. tl so that, a multiple number of spaced streams of material mayv bex thrown.

To carry out this operation amultiple` number of; belts ot theoonstruotion-shown in` Fig. 1.5 may be used;

Referring toigl lshows a hopper 12 xed' to a. fname unit that supports a multiple.number` ofdrums or rollersunits 13'V and showsguards'14'Z that prevent the material in the hopper Vfrom interefaering with: the action of "the rollers.

A lide is shownat 1.5 ,closing theitop: andY will` be removed when feeding the material tothehopper and closed-when they hopper isbeingfedE at 16 or from. either, of the. other positions. By this arrangement a` plurality offcoatingszmay besfmade at one time by allowing one stream of material to. pass. oven the.v surface. on the other 'streams off materials as the machine isv moved` or thek work isinoved past the machine. Therol'lers-may be replaced by wire brushes in this hopper.

Fig-. 1.9 shows .a ditch,- 151F Which is of the usual general construction to be lined with materials and I show units of drums o rV rollers. 18 so constructed and arranged to do thisv Work by a plural number 'ofstreams 19 shows a vertical pipeY that restson; a, b asetthat may be rotated, clockwise oryoounter clockwise by mechanism not shown and, then moped away. from in front of the-.machina ln,the present art of coatingpipe,` a singl'einarrowstream, is.r applied to the` pipes. surface; while the pipe` revolves and said stream of material roost travel, the full length of the pipe, or the desired;i length of the coating negardlesswhether tha-.pipe is. moved on a traCk Q20 the machine is moyed on a track, but in myinyention any, desired number of streams -oixmaterial may. be thrownontathe pipe andtthegthrowngr ele:-

ments are evenly spaced when the stream` from one set of throwing elements comes to the place on the pipe where the other stream. started, the coating will be complete for the full length :of the pipe or the desired length of the coating.

The thickness or the coating will be determined by the travel of the machine and/or the pipe. This multiple number of streams will revolutionize the` pipe coating industry and other industries. Also a very wide stream of material may be thrown to accomplish the` Width and thickness of ther coat-ing as the pipe revolves and then the stream is stopped and the machine or pipe maybe moved, then the coating will continue from the stopping point.

The hopperl if! is provided with a lid Ha that is put on when the hopper may be fed with ma.- terial through either side that is shown covered' by the covers I'Ib in Fig. 1.2' of the ldrawing` and the worm l5 is supported by a bracket. 15by to the, unit frame l.

A plate Hc is shown in the bottom of the hopper ll that forms a guide for theA pusher plate d'2.

Material may be fed to the` hopper or drums by the use of `nozzles or other means depending on the work 'to bey doneA 'In Eig. 2 the slide members l are shown broken. as 'they are of longer lengthand when the. frame unit i is placed in a vertical position the ends oi the slide members will t into the upr'ightsl Il claim:

l. In a` machine of the character set forth. having a` frame unit pivotally mounted'- and a hopper ixed thereto; said .frame unit being; mounted in an upright frame-and provided with slide members slidably mounted in said upright frame having means to raise andlower said frame. unit; a shaft having a pluralityof drums mounted. thereon to forme. roller ;J a second Shaft having a plurality of drums mountedv thereon .to` form a roller, said rollers mounted in ventioal members of said first mentioned frame; unit and adjustablev means to close andi separate said ro1l ers; means to revolve said drums: and meansJ to vfeed material to said drums to be; discharged therefrom.

2. .In a machine for coating material', compris-l iris ein upright frame mounted to bemovedfpin :any direction,l arrame; unitv pivotally mounted to said upright frame, ahopper, xed to said frame unit, havingits front end open; drumsmountedawithin the hopperA at the front end thereof.; means to revolve said drums, and means .comprising 'feed' screws andv a. pusher plate Within thev hopper to feed 4material to said ydr-umsxtofloe discharged by4V said drums at ardesia-ed velocity..

3. Acoating machine ofv the character .set-forth, comprising.; a hopper, .a shaft, a drum provided with a yieldabie surface, mounted on said shaft;

a second, shafha. drum provided with a yieldablesurface mounted. on. .said second shaft, said iirst shaft and said lsecondi shaft having shocle aib sorber means*adjustablymounted on :a frame unit forward. of said hopper southat the 'treadsor sun faces of saldi drums can be squeezedagainst eachother so that .each drum. surface will yield tothe pressure of the other Adruml surface so that a holding effect can be produced on the-material particleswhichpass between said drum surfaces, and motor-.means todryesaiddrums and sli'clable pusherplate meansto eedfmaterial to said. drums for i velocity4 discharge.

i. amacninelor vapplying material on ythe chai1d actor, set; font-hi including, a-hoppen fon 'the-material, parallel rotary drums within the hopper; a plural number of feed screws mounted in the hopper at the induction side of said drums, means for driving the feed screws either clockwise or counter-clockwise to mix, retard or speed up and to control the feeding of the material in said hopper between the drums to be discharged from the eduction side thereof.

5. Ina machine of the character set forth for applying material, comprising: a hopper mounted in a frame unit, rotary drums mounted parallel with each other located forward of the hopper; a plurality of feed screws mounted in said hopper having means to drive said screws clockwise and/'or counter-clockwise, and means to disengage from said drive means, one or more of said feed screws, so as to regulate the material discharged from the hopper and machine.

6. A machine for applying material of the character set forth, including; a pair of rotary drums having resilient surfaces, mounted to a revoluble frame unit, and means comprising a Worm and 'worm wheel driven by a motor to revolve said frame unit, said drum surfaces adapted to yield to the pressure of material particles which are accelerated by the drums; said yielding effect being due to the resilient action of said drum surfaces that stretches and compresses around material particles forming recess-like pockets, and means to drive said drums.

7. A machine for applying particled material of the character set forth, including a drum provided with a resilient surface, a second drum providing an opposing surface to the first drum, means for rotating the second drum, and means for feeding particled material between the surfaces of the two drums, the resilient surface of the first drum maintaining particled material against the surface of the second drum to discharge the particled material at a velocity sufficient to compact the particles of said material against a surface at a distance from the machine. v

8. In a machine of the character set forth comprising a frame unit which is pivotally mounted to an upright frame unit, which is mounted on wheels so as to be moved in various directions; a shaft mounted in said first mentioned frame unit and means to drive said shaft, a multiple number of drums mounted on said shaft to form a roller; a second shaft parallel with said first shaft and mounted in said iirst mentioned frame unit, and means to drive said second shaft; a multiple number of drums mounted on said second shaft to form a roller; a spacer block mounted at each end of the shafts for the purpose of holding the first shaft and the said second shaft a desired distance apart; the surface of the drums constructed of rubber-like material so that an elasticity action of the drum surfaces is produced against the material particles which pass between he drum surfaces; a hopper attached and mounted to the rear of said first mentioned frame unit; a multiple number of worms in said hopper which are reversible in drive and are controlled by disconnecting clutches and means to drive said worms at suitable speeds and directions to mix material and force material from the hopper; a pusher plate within the hopper functioning as a ram to force material from the hopper and to resist material from leaving the hopper and means to drive said pusher plate at various speeds; and means to adjust the height of the drums relative to the depth of the hopper so that proper feeding conditions of the material will result to eliminate the overfeeding of the drums or rollers.

9. In a machine of the character set forth comprising a frame unit which is pivotally mounted to an upright frame unit which is mounted on Wheels so as to be moved in various directions; a shaft mounted in said first mentioned frame unit and means to drive said shaft, a multiple number of resilient drums mounted on said shaft to form a roller; a second shaft parallel with the first shaft and mounted in said first mentioned frame unit and means to drive said second shaft; a multiple number of resilient drums mounted on said second shaft to form a second roller; a spacer block mounted at each end of the shaft for the purpose of holding the rst shaft and said second shaft the desired distance apart; a hopper attached to and mounted to the rear of said frame unit; a multiple number of worms in said hopper which are reversible in drive and are controlled by disconnecting clutches and means to drive said worms at suitable speed; a pusher plate within the hopper providing a ram to feed material from the hopper, means to drive said pusher plate; means to adjust the height of the resilient drums relative to the depth of the hopper; a pair of side plates fastened to the front sides of the first mentioned frame; an extension arm secured to each side plate, and a revolving deiiector carried between the extension arms.

10. The device as set forth in claim 7, characterized in that means is provided forwardly of the rst and second drums and in the path of discharge of the particled material therefrom for diverting the path of said particled material in a given direction.

l1. The device as set forth in claim 7, characterized in that a rotary drum is provided, spacedly mounted forwardly of the first and second drums in the path of discharge of material therefrom for diverting the path of said particled material in a given direction.

12. The device as set forth vin claim 7, characterized in that there is provided a resilient surfaced drum, means for spacedly mounting said drum forwardly of the first and second drums, for swinging movement relative to the path 0f discharge of the particled material between said first and second drums, for diverting said path of movement of the particled material to a selected direction.

13. The machine of claim 6 in which the resilient surface of at least one of the rotary drums is ridged to provide a series of closely spaced grooves.

14. The machine of claim 7 in which the resilient surface of at least one of the two drums is ridged to provide a series of closely spaced grooves.

SPENCER A. EARNSHAW.

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